Periodic Table Practice
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- Practice using the periodic table for electronic configurations
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Periodic Table Practice
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The rich chemistry of elements and its pronounced influence on fundamental properties and structural correlations for modern materials has led to the development of several revolutionary materials based on the perovskite-type of crystal lattices including the legendary families of high-temperature superconductive cuprates (Cu), of colossal magnetoresistive manganites (Mn) and of hybrid lead (Pb) halides for a new generation of solar cells. The authors demonstrate that the widely spread crystal lattices of perovskites represent a natural flexible platform for the chemical design of various advanced functional materials with unique features. An interplay between chemical bonding, defects, and crystal chemistry peculiarities makes the perovskite structure a “lego designer” utilizing the natural features of the chemical elements.
Other important classes of materials and nanomaterials include the C, Ti, Sn, Pb family of group IV elements of the classical form of the Periodic Table. From these deeply modified 1D carbon nanomaterials with unique mechanical, electrical, thermal, and optical characteristics. Among them, hybrids based on filamentous forms of carbon, such as carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers, in combination with inorganic nanoparticles attract particular attention. Due to the structure and morphology, charge, and energy transfer processes lead to synergistic effects that allow the use of less material with higher productivity including their ecological applications.
Lastly, an important class of silicon nanomaterials—quantum dots holds great applicative potential for optoelectronic devices and fluorescent bio-marking agents. Their much higher biocompatibility, as compared to conventional toxic Group II-VI and III-V metal-based quantum dots, makes their practical applications even more attractive to prevent environmental pollution and to avoid damage to living organisms.
Adapted From: Kurushkin MV, Schwarz WHE and Goodilin E (2020) Editorial: Celebrating the International Year of the Periodic Table: Beyond Mendeleev 150. Front. Chem. 8:610869
Both the superconductive and magnetoresistive materials described in the passage belong to which of the following?
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